SRRL BMS Instrument Descriptions and Histories


Model
Measurement
Notes (below)
Units
Install
Date
Removal
Date
Current
SN
Current
CF
PSP Global Horizontal (Not Ventilated) W/m2 07/15/1981 - 25782F3 113.85 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total Hemispheric shortwave irradiance as measured by an Eppley Laboratory, Inc. Model PSP (Precision Spectral Pyranometer) with calibration factor traceable to the World Radiometric Reference (WRR). As of June 7, 2006, an effective net infrared corrected responsivity function (based on zenith angle) is also applied to the corrected voltage (Vc). Where, Vc = V - Wnet * RSnet, where Wnet = effective net infrared (from the ventilated downwelling PIR) and RSnet = instruments effective net infrared response (derived from NREL black body system). The current coefficients for this function are available from AIM database server.
NIP Direct Normal (unit 1) W/m2 07/15/1981 - 31137E6 117.61 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Direct (Beam) shortwave irradiance as measured by an Eppley Laboratory, Inc. Model NIP (Normal Incidence Pyrheliometer) mounted in an automatic sun-following tracker. Annual NIP calibrations traceable to WRR. The Sun-Follower III tracker is not as reliable as the Sci-Tec tracker, because the tracker must be manually reset if it loses power.
PSP Diffuse (Shadow Band) W/m2 10/25/1984 04/11/2003 18041F3 147.21 W/m2/mV
04/11/2003 08/28/2003 31395F3 120.52 W/m2/mV
08/28/2003 07/08/2004 18041F3 149.76 W/m2/mV
07/08/2004 06/02/2005 31395F3 121.80 W/m2/mV
06/02/2005 06/08/2006 18041F3 150.91 W/m2/mV
06/08/2006 06/28/2007 31395F3 122.60 W/m2/mV
06/28/2007 06/24/2008 18041F3 150.55 W/m2/mV
06/24/2008 - 31395F3 123.73 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Diffuse (Sky) shortwave irradiance measured by a PSP mounted under a manually-adjusted shadow band. As of Aug. 24, 2001 the data is adjusted for the presence of the shadow band (a 10% to 18% increase is needed, depending on solar declination for the day of data).
PSP Global 40-South W/m2 07/15/1981 06/30/1983 17798F3 -
04/08/1985 07/31/2000 25766F3 104.70 W/m2/mV
11/01/2000 04/10/2003 20715F3 96.91 W/m2/mV
04/10/2003 08/28/2003 31398F3 122.74 W/m2/mV
08/28/2003 08/19/2004 20715F3 100.72 W/m2/mV
08/19/2004 07/07/2005 20068F3 105.36 W/m2/mV
07/07/2005 07/11/2006 31401F3 116.90 W/m2/mV
07/11/2006 06/12/2007 30560F3 116.03 W/m2/mV
06/12/2007 05/27/2008 31401F3 119.14 W/m2/mV
05/27/2008 - 25819F3 118.21 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total hemispheric solar irradiance on a south-facing surface tilted 40 degrees from horizontal. This is the solar resource for collectors with fixed-tilt,optimized for year-round performance.
PSP 2-Axis Global (Global Normal) W/m2 04/08/1985 07/31/2000 13674F3 103.52 W/m2/mV
PSP pyranometer mounted in automatic solar tracker. PSP is always normal to the sun (detector is perpendicular to direct irradiance).
PSP Global 1-Axis W/m2 04/08/1985 01/12/1999 - -
PSP Global 90-North W/m2 10/25/1984 03/13/1988 18039F3 -
06/14/2004 07/12/2004 30560F3 115.63 W/m2/mV
07/12/2004 06/01/2005 31401F3 117.61 W/m2/mV
06/01/2005 07/11/2006 31394F3 122.08 W/m2/mV
07/11/2006 07/05/2007 25819F3 117.68 W/m2/mV
07/05/2007 06/25/2008 30560F3 115.77 W/m2/mV
06/25/2008 - 20068F3 106.93 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total hemispheric solar irradiance on a north-facing surface tilted 90 degrees from horizontal, measured by a pyranometer, 8 feet above the ground.
PSP Global 90-East W/m2 10/25/1984 03/13/1988 18078F3 -
06/14/2004 09/02/2004 31394F3 120.87 W/m2/mV
09/02/2004 06/01/2005 30560F3 115.62 W/m2/mV
06/01/2005 06/07/2006 25819F3 117.05 W/m2/mV
06/07/2006 06/12/2007 20068F3 107.10 W/m2/mV
06/12/2007 06/25/2008 31394F3 122.69 W/m2/mV
06/25/2008 - 31401F3 119.58 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total hemispheric solar irradiance on a east-facing surface tilted 90 degrees from horizontal, measured by a pyranometer, 8 feet above the ground.
PSP Global 90-South W/m2 10/25/1984 03/13/1988 17879F3 -
06/14/2004 07/12/2004 28400F3 132.84 W/m2/mV
07/12/2004 06/01/2005 31398F3 124.54 W/m2/mV
06/01/2005 06/07/2006 18035F3 126.37 W/m2/mV
06/07/2006 06/12/2007 28400F3 134.48 W/m2/mV
06/12/2007 05/27/2008 31398F3 126.36 W/m2/mV
05/27/2008 - 18035F3 127.20 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total hemispheric solar irradiance on a south-facing surface tilted 90 degrees from horizontal, measured by a pyranometer, 8 feet above the ground.
PSP Global 90-West W/m2 10/25/1984 03/13/1988 18036F3 -
07/19/2004 08/19/2004 30560F3 115.63 W/m2/mV
08/19/2004 07/07/2005 28400F3 133.27 W/m2/mV
07/07/2005 07/11/2006 31398F3 124.51 W/m2/mV
07/11/2006 07/05/2007 18035F3 126.24 W/m2/mV
07/05/2007 06/25/2008 28400F3 134.91 W/m2/mV
06/25/2008 - 31398F3 126.55 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total hemispheric solar irradiance on a west-facing surface tilted 90 degrees from horizontal, measured by a pyranometer, 8 feet above the ground.
PSP Global 90-North (ground shielded) W/m2 10/25/1984 04/07/1985 17799F3 -
Total hemispheric solar irradiance on a north-facing surface tilted 90 degrees from horizontal, measured by a pyranometer, 9 feet above the ground. Instrument has a shield placed to prevent measuring radiation reflected from the ground.
PSP Global 90-North (ground reflected) W/m2 10/25/1984 04/07/1985 17800F3 -
Total hemispheric solar irradiance on a north-facing surface tilted 90 degrees from horizontal, measured by a pyranometer, 7 feet above the ground. Instrument has a shield placed so only radiation reflected up from the ground is measured.
PSP Global 90-South (ground shielded) W/m2 10/25/1984 04/07/1985 17798F3 -
Total hemispheric solar irradiance on a north-facing surface tilted 90 degrees from horizontal, measured by a pyranometer, 9 feet above the ground. Instrument has a shield placed to prevent measuring radiation reflected from the ground.
PSP Global 90-South (ground reflected) W/m2 10/25/1984 04/07/1985 17863F3 -
Total hemispheric solar irradiance on a north-facing surface tilted 90 degrees from horizontal, measured by a pyranometer, 7 feet above the ground. Instrument has a shield placed so only radiation reflected up from the ground is measured.
PSP Reflected (Upwelling) Shortwave W/m2 07/15/1981 04/10/2003 18035F3 124.27 W/m2/mV
04/10/2003 08/28/2003 31401F3 117.49 W/m2/mV
08/28/2003 09/02/2004 18035F3 125.64 W/m2/mV
09/02/2004 07/07/2005 20715F3 100.76 W/m2/mV
07/07/2005 06/07/2006 30560F3 114.87 W/m2/mV
06/07/2006 07/05/2007 20715F3 101.41 W/m2/mV
07/05/2007 05/27/2008 20068F3 107.09 W/m2/mV
05/27/2008 - 20715F3 100.27 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Reflected hemispheric solar irradiance as measured by an inverted pyranometer, 2 meters above the ground. The surface ALBEDO is computed from the ratio: Reflected / Global Horizontal. The typical surface albedo for vegetation is 18% to 20% and greater than 80% for fresh snow cover. As of Aug 4, 2001 the Albedo is also calculated using the ventilated global PSP.
PSP Diffuse Tracking Disk W/m2 06/17/1987 03/13/1988 - -
PSP Global Horizontal RG780 Filter (Ventilated) W/m2 03/14/1988 07/08/2004 25822F3 112.57 W/m2/mV
07/08/2004 06/02/2005 25820F3 116.22 W/m2/mV
06/02/2005 06/08/2006 25822F3 113.79 W/m2/mV
06/08/2006 06/28/2007 25820F3 116.75 W/m2/mV
06/28/2007 06/24/2008 25822F3 114.68 W/m2/mV
06/24/2008 - 25820F3 116.31 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 RG780 implies the instrument has a Schott Glass filter with cut-on wavelength of 780 nm. The Ventilator was added on 11/01/2000.
NIP Direct Normal RG780 Filter W/m2 03/14/1988 07/08/2004 17837E6 120.71 W/m2/mV
07/08/2004 06/02/2005 31355E6 116.63 W/m2/mV
06/02/2005 07/17/2006 17837E6 120.74 W/m2/mV
07/17/2006 06/28/2007 31355E6 116.45 W/m2/mV
06/28/2007 06/24/2008 17837E6 120.26 W/m2/mV
06/24/2008 - 31355E6 116.10 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 RG780 implies the instrument has a Schott Glass filter with cut-on wavelength of 780 nm
TUVR Global UV W/m2 03/14/1988 05/09/2002 18180 -
05/09/2002 01/27/2003 33444 -
01/27/2003 08/25/2004 18180 6.825 W/m2/mV
11/18/2004 - 33444 7.362 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The TUVR was calibrated from 280 - 400 nm, prior to Aug. 19, 2001 it was calibrated from 280-385nm. The spectral response of this instrument is shown in this UVA/Total Plot.
TC-1 500nm Photometer T.W. Cannon V 03/14/1988 - 0001 Vo = 4.16 V
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Photometer data from 11/01/2000 to 12/20/2005 was recorded in W/m2/nm. As of Aug 4, 2001, the turbidity is also calculated.
CSL800-L Wind Speed m/s 03/14/1988 07/31/2000 - -
[DQS] Measured by a Climatronics 3-cup anemometer mounted 10 meters above ground level. After 03/09/1993, Peak Wind Speed was also recorded, which is the maximum 5-sec anemometer reading during the 1 (or 5) minute interval.
CSL800-L Wind Direction o from N 03/14/1988 07/31/2000 - -
[DQS] Measured by a Climatronics wind vane mounted 10 meters above ground level.
HMP-35C Dry Bulb Temperature and Relative Humidity (Roof) oC / % 03/14/1988 07/31/2000 - -
[DQS] Ambient air temperature measured with a Vaisala probe (also measures RH) mounted in a naturally aspirated radiation shield, 48 inches above the instrument deck level, located on the north instrument rail. The instrument deck is 10 feet above ground level. An asphalt parking area (25 ft x 40 ft) is north of the instrument deck.
PTA 427 Pressure mBar 03/14/1988 07/28/1999 - -
[DQS] The data are NOT adjusted to sea level conditions.
TUVR Direct UV W/m2 07/03/1990 - 18115 7.495 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The Direct TUVR was calibrated from 280 - 400 nm, prior to Aug. 19, 2001 it was calibrated from 280-385nm. The spectral response of this instrument is shown in this UVA/Total Plot.
? Dry Bulb Temperature (Tower) oC 03/09/1993 07/31/2000 - -
[DQS] Ambient air temperature measured with a PRT (platinum resistance thermometer) mounted in a forced/air radiation shield, 2 meters above the ground level, over natural vegetation.
NIP Direct Normal (unit 2) W/m2 01/13/1999 - 25792E6 131.72 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Secondary NIP mounted on SciTec Tracker (therefore more reliable than the primary NIP). From Aug 4, 2001 to Dec 20, 2005, Broadband and 500nm Aerosol Optical Depth is calculated using this instrument.
PSP Diffuse Shading Ball (Ventilated) W/m2 01/13/1999 07/08/2004 17878F3 138.62 W/m2/mV
07/08/2004 06/02/2005 17801F3 128.44 W/m2/mV
06/02/2005 06/08/2006 17878F3 138.84 W/m2/mV
06/08/2006 06/28/2007 17801F3 129.30 W/m2/mV
06/28/2007 06/24/2008 17878F3 139.38 W/m2/mV
06/24/2008 - 17801F3 128.63 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Diffuse (Sky) shortwave irradiance measured by an Eppley Pyranometer mounted under the shading ball of a Sci-Tec tracker. As of Aug 4, 2001, a "thermal correction" is also applied, which is based on DW PIR, Net PIR, WS @ 22', and Deck Temp & RH. As of June 7, 2006, this "thermal correction" was replaced with the effective net infrared responsivity @ 45o applied to the corrected voltage (Vc). Where, Vc = V - Wnet * RSnet, where Wnet = effective net infrared (from the ventilated downwelling PIR) and RSnet = instruments effective net infrared response (derived from NREL black body system).
8-48 Diffuse Shading Ball (Ventilated) W/m2 01/13/1999 04/18/2003 32331 112.22 W/m2/mV
04/18/2003 08/28/2003 21096 86.138 W/m2/mV
08/28/2003 11/08/2004 32331 112.25 W/m2/mV
11/08/2004 06/02/2005 21096 86.948 W/m2/mV
06/02/2005 06/08/2006 32331 111.35 W/m2/mV
06/08/2006 06/28/2007 21096 86.929 W/m2/mV
06/28/2007 06/24/2008 32331 112.77 W/m2/mV
06/24/2008 - 21096 86.272 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Diffuse (Sky) shortwave irradiance measured by an Eppley Black & White Pyranometer mounted under the shading ball of a Sci-Tec tracker.
PIR Downwelling Infrared (Ventilated) W/m2 01/13/1999 01/11/2006 31192F3 K0=-6.37 W/m2
K1=0.26556 W/m2/µV
K2=1.010
K3=-3.137
Kr=7.044e-4 K/µV
01/11/2006 03/21/2008 31194F3 K0=-4.58 W/m2
K1=0.2555 W/m2/µV
K2=1.0109
K3=-3.801
Kr=7.044e-4 K/µV
03/21/2008 - 31192F3 K0=0 W/m2
K1=0.2528 W/m2/µV
K2=1.0015
K3=-3.0
Kr=7.044e-4 K/µV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Infrared Irradiance is calculated using: I=K0+VK1+σK2Tr4+σK3(Td4-Tr4), where σ=5.6704x10-8 W/(m2K4) (Stephan-Boltzmann's Constant), V=PIR thermopile voltage in µV, and Tr=Tc+VKr. The DW IR is ventilated and mounted on Sci-Tec tracker. The Dome (Td) and Case Temperature (Tc) are also reported in degrees K. As of 2/19/1999 the Instrument Net Infrared is also reported which is equal to the Downwelling IR (µV Signal) times the calibration factor K1.
PIR Upwelling Infrared W/m2 01/13/1999 01/11/2006 31194F3 K0=-4.8 W/m2
K1=0.27523 W/m2/µV
K2=1.005
K3=-3.801
Kr=7.044e-4 K/µV
01/11/2006 03/21/2008 31192F3 K0=-6.37 W/m2
K1=0.255 W/m2/µV
K2=1.02
K3=-3.137
Kr=7.044e-4 K/µV
03/21/2008 - 31194F3 K0=0 W/m2
K1=0.258 W/m2/µV
K2=0.999
K3=-3.137
Kr=7.044e-4 K/µV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Infrared Irradiance is calculated using: I=K0+VK1+σK2Tr4+σK3(Td4-Tr4), where Tr=Tc+VKr. The UW IR is an inverted PIR mounted 2 meters above ground on the radiometer tower. Starting on 11/01/2000, Dome (Td) and Case Temperature (Tc) are also reported in degrees K. As of 1/12/2006 the Instrument Net Infrared is also reported which is equal to the Upwelling IR (µV Signal) times the calibration factor K1.
LI-200 Global Licor (Secondary) W/m2 01/13/1999 12/21/2005 PY25070 73.897 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total Hemispheric shortwave irradiance as measured by a Licor silcon pyranometer with calibration factor traceable to the World Radiometric Reference (WRR).
CR10TCR CR23X Ref-Temp oC 01/13/1999 07/31/2000 343515 -
Thermocouple Reference Temperature at CR23X logger
Type T 8-48 Temp. oC 01/13/1999 01/15/2001 - -
Type T Thermocouple Temperature of Diffuse 8-48 case.
PTB101B Pressure mBar 07/28/1999 - T4730011 0.184 mBar/mV+600mBar
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The Vaisala Pressure Transmitter is mounted 2 meters above ground level near the 14 meter NRG TallTower. As of Aug 4, 2001 the estimated sea-level pressure is also calculated.
PSP Global Horizontal (Ventilated) W/m2 11/01/2000 - 28402F3 145.36 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total Hemispheric shortwave irradiance as measured by an Eppley Laboratory, Inc. Model PSP (Precision Spectral Pyranometer) with calibration factor traceable to the World Radiometric Reference (WRR). As of Aug 4, 2001, a responsivity function (based on zenith angle) is also applied to this instrument. As of June 7, 2006, the responsivity function is using effective net infrared corrected coefficients applied to the corrected voltage (Vc). Where, Vc = V - Wnet * RSnet, where Wnet = effective net infrared (from the ventilated downwelling PIR) and RSnet = instruments effective net infrared response (derived from NREL black body system). The current coefficients for this function are available from AIM database server.
LI-200 Global Licor (Primary) W/m2 07/15/1981 06/30/1983 PY1366 -
11/01/2000 - PY28257 75.234 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total Hemispheric shortwave irradiance as measured by a Licor silcon pyranometer with calibration factor traceable to the World Radiometric Reference (WRR).
501A Global UVB Solar Light W/m2
MED/hr
Index		 11/01/2000 - 1898 1.777 W/m2/V
4.056 MED/hr/V
9.460 Index/V
[DQS]
[Maint]		 501A UVB wavelength = 280 - 315 nm in W/m2 and the Minimum Erythema Dose per Hour (MED/hr). As of Aug. 19, 2001, the UV-Index is also reported. Temperature is controlled at 25 oC. The spectral response of this instrument is shown in this UVB Plot. The MED/hr and Index is based on the CIE 1987 Erythema Action Spectrum as shown in this UVE Plot.
MS-210W Global UVB EKO W/m2 11/01/2000 - S92096.04 1.3367 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 MS-210W UVB wavelength = 280 - 315 nm. The spectral response of this instrument is shown in this UVB Plot.
CUVA1 Global UVA Kipp & Zonen W/m2 11/01/2000 - 950006 -52.629 W/m2/V
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The CUVA1 was calibrated from 315 - 400 nm, prior to Aug. 4, 2001 it was calibrated from 315 - 385 nm. Temperature is controlled at 40 oC. The spectral response of this instrument is shown in this UVA/Total Plot.
CUVB1 Global UVB Kipp & Zonen W/m2 11/01/2000 - 952010 -3.929 W/m2/V
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The CUVB1 was calibrated from 280 - 315 nm. Temperature is controlled at 40 oC. The spectral response of this instrument is shown in this UVB Plot.
UVB-1 Global UVB YES W/m2 11/01/2000 10/29/2003 921106 0.719 W/m2/V
10/29/2003 - 930401 1.074 W/m2/V
[DQS]
[Maint]		 UVB-1 UVB wavelength = 280 - 315 nm in W/m2. Prior to Aug. 19, 2001 the UV-Index was also reported. Temperature is controlled at 45 oC. The spectral response of this instrument is shown in this UVB Plot.
LI-200 Global 40-South Licor W/m2 07/15/1981 06/30/1983 PY1245 -
11/01/2000 10/10/2002 PY1726 75.02 W/m2/mV
10/10/2002 08/28/2003 PY1724 84.749 W/m2/mV
08/28/2003 08/19/2004 PY1726 81.631 W/m2/mV
08/19/2004 07/07/2005 PY28260 79.853 W/m2/mV
07/07/2005 07/11/2006 PY1732 77.026 W/m2/mV
07/11/2006 06/12/2007 PY28244 77.585 W/m2/mV
06/12/2007 05/27/2008 PY1732 76.376 W/m2/mV
05/27/2008 - PY1744 69.140 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total hemispheric solar irradiance on a south-facing surface tilted 40 degrees from horizontal. This is the solar resource for collectors with fixed-tilt, optimized for year-round performance.
CM-21 2-Axis Global (Global Normal) Kipp & Zonen W/m2 11/01/2000 04/10/2003 920056 82.64 W/m2/mV
04/10/2003 08/28/2003 910002 61.412 W/m2/mV
08/28/2003 07/12/2004 920056 82.359 W/m2/mV
07/12/2004 06/01/2005 910002 61.645 W/m2/mV
06/01/2005 06/07/2006 920056 82.965 W/m2/mV
06/07/2006 06/28/2007 910002 61.344 W/m2/mV
06/28/2007 06/25/2008 920056 82.378 W/m2/mV
06/25/2008 - 910002 61.532 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 CM-21 pyranometer mounted in automatic Licor LI-2020 solar tracker, which is on top of the radiometer tower. The CM-21 is always normal to the sun (detector is perpendicular to direct irradiance).
CUVA2 Direct Normal UVA Kipp & Zonen W/m2 11/01/2000 - 961003 -75.213 W/m2/V
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The CUVA2 was calibrated from 315 - 400 nm, prior to Aug. 4, 2001 it was calibrated from 315 - 385 nm. Temperature is controlled at 40 oC. The spectral response of this instrument is shown in this UVA/Total Plot.
CUVB2 Direct Normal UVB Kipp & Zonen W/m2 11/01/2000 - 953001 -3.108 W/m2/V
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The CUVB2 was calibrated from 280 - 315 nm. Temperature is controlled at 40 oC. The spectral response of this instrument is shown in this UVB Plot.
CM-11 Diffuse Shading Disk Kipp & Zonen (Ventilated) W/m2 11/01/2000 08/03/2001 86325 191.17 W/m2/mV
Diffuse (Sky) shortwave irradiance measured by a Kipp & Zonen Pyranometer mounted under the shading ball of a Sci-Tec tracker.
MS-110 4-channel Photometer EKO mV 11/01/2000 06/16/2005 S94121.04 7.57 mV
8.77 mV
8.45 mV
8.51 mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 4-channel photometer at 368, 500, 675, and 778 nm. As of Aug 4, 2001, the turbidity (at each wavelength) is also calculated. Prior to Dec 21, 2005, the photometer outputs were recorded in W/m2/nm.
#40 Wind Speed NRG m/s 11/01/2000 - - 0.022352 m/s/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Measured by (3) 3-cup anemometers mounted 10, 22, and 42 feet above ground level on a 46 foot NRG TallTower. Peak Wind Speed was also recorded (for all three), which is the maximum 1-sec anemometer reading during the 1-minute interval. The frequency output of the #40 is converted a mV signal using an NRG #SI2100 Interface. As of Aug 4, 2001 the vertical wind shear is also calculated by taking the difference in speed of the sensors at 42 feet and 10 feet, then dividing by their distance (in meters).
#200P Wind Direction NRG o from N 11/01/2000 - - 0.144 o/mV+150o
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Measured by (2) wind vanes mounted 22 and 42 feet above ground level on a 46 foot NRG TallTower.
HMP-45C Dry Bulb Temperature and Relative Humidity (Deck) oC
%		 11/01/2000 - V2540013 0.1 oC/mV-40oC
0.1 %/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Ambient air temperature measured with a Vaisala probe (also measures RH) mounted in a naturally aspirated radiation shield, 3 feet above the instrument deck level, located under a BORCAL table. The instrument deck is 15 feet above ground level.
HMP-45C Dry Bulb Temperature and Relative Humidity (Tower) oC
%		 11/01/2000 09/06/2007 U3140041 0.1 oC/mV-40oC
0.1 %/mV
09/06/2007 - C1920073 0.1 oC/mV-40oC
0.1 %/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Ambient air temperature measured with a Vaisala probe (also measures RH) mounted in a naturally aspirated radiation shield, 2 meters above ground near the 14 meter NRG TallTower. As of Aug. 4, 2001 the tower wind chill temperature is also calculated using the wind speed at 42'. As of Dec. 13, 2002 the wind chill formula was updated to use the new National Weather Service method as described on the NOAA web site and the wind speed at 10'. As of Jan. 1, 2004 the tower dew point temperature is also calculated using both the temperature and RH. As of Aug. 1, 2004 the tower wet bulb temperature is also calculated using the dry bulb temperature, dew point, and station pressure.
TRP525I Precipitation Gauge (tipping bucket)
Texas Electronics Inc.		 mm 11/01/2000 - 14928 395 0.254 mm/count
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The precipitation gauge is mounted 4 feet above ground level near the 46 foot NRG TallTower. As of Aug. 4, 2001, the accumulated daily precipitation is also recorded.
CR10TCR J-Box Ref-Temp (thermistor) oC 11/01/2000 01/15/2001 343515 -
Thermocouple Reference Temperature mounted inside J-Box that is used for connecting 8-48 Thermocouple to datalogger.
(CR23X-T) CR23X Panel Temperature oC 11/01/2000 - - -
CR23X internal temperature sensor is located under wiring panel.
(CR10X-T) CR10X Circuit Board Temperature (Met-Tower) oC 11/01/2000 - - -
CR10X internal temperature sensor is mounted on datalogger circuit board.
(CR23X-B) CR23X Battery Voltage V 11/01/2000 - - -
CR23X internal battery voltage.
(CR10X-B) CR10X Battery Voltage (Met-Tower) V 11/01/2000 - - -
CR10X external battery voltage.
(LI2020-B) LI-2020 Battery Voltage V 05/23/2001 - - 0.01 V/mV
The battery voltage for the LI-2020 tracker, which is used for the Global Normal CM-21. The battery is charged by a PV panel. The setup instructions for the LI-2020 are available online.
CG4 Downwelling Infrared (Ventilated)
Kipp & Zonen		 W/m2 08/04/2001 - 010548 K0=0 W/m2
K1=0.0768 W/m2/µV
K2=0.999
K3=0.0
Kr=7.044e-4 K/µV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Infrared Irradiance is calculated using: I=K0+VK1+σK2Tr4+σK3(Td4-Tr4), where σ=5.6704x10-8 W/(m2K4) (Stephan-Boltzmann's Constant), V=PIR thermopile voltage in µV, and Tr=Tc+VKr. The DW IR is ventilated and mounted on Sci-Tec tracker. The Case Temperature (Tc) is also reported in degrees K. The Instrument Net Infrared is also reported, which is equal to the Downwelling IR (µV Signal) times the calibration factor K1.
CNR1 Net Radiometer (Downwelling CM3)
Kipp & Zonen		 W/m2 08/04/2001 - 010284-DW-CM3 108.48 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The CRN1 has (4) instruments: Downwelling CM3 (shortwave global), Upwelling CM3 (shortwave), Downwelling CG3 (Infrared), and Upwelling CG3 (Infrared). The CNR1 mounted is mounted on the radiometer tower. The PT-100 Case Temperature (Tc) is also reported in degrees K. The Albedo, Net Infrared, and Net Radiation are also calculated for this instrument.
CNR1 Net Radiometer (Upwelling CM3)
Kipp & Zonen		 W/m2 08/04/2001 - 010284-UW-CM3 111.80 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The CRN1 has (4) instruments: Downwelling CM3 (shortwave global), Upwelling CM3 (shortwave), Downwelling CG3 (Infrared), and Upwelling CG3 (Infrared). The CNR1 mounted is mounted on the radiometer tower. The PT-100 Case Temperature (Tc) is also reported in degrees K. The Albedo, Net Infrared, and Net Radiation are also calculated for this instrument.
CNR1 Net Radiometer (Downwelling CG3)
Kipp & Zonen		 W/m2 08/04/2001 - 010284-DW-CG3 K0=0.0 W/m2
K1=0.096 W/m2/µV
K2=1.005
K3=0.0
Kr=7.044e-4 K/µV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The CRN1 has (4) instruments: Downwelling CM3 (shortwave global), Upwelling CM3 (shortwave), Downwelling CG3 (Infrared), and Upwelling CG3 (Infrared). Infrared Irradiance is calculated using: I=K0+VK1+σK2Tr4+σK3(Td4-Tr4), where σ=5.6704x10-8 W/(m2K4) (Stephan-Boltzmann's Constant), V=PIR thermopile voltage in µV, and Tr=Tc+VKr. The CNR1 mounted is mounted on the radiometer tower. The PT-100 Case Temperature (Tc) is also reported in degrees K. The Albedo, Net Infrared, and Net Radiation are also calculated for this instrument. As of 1/1/2006 the Instrument Net Infrared is also reported which is equal to the Downwelling IR (µV Signal) times the calibration factor K1.
CNR1 Net Radiometer (Upwelling CG3)
Kipp & Zonen		 W/m2 08/04/2001 - 010284-UW-CG3 K0=0.0 W/m2
K1=0.093 W/m2/µV
K2=1.0095
K3=0.0
Kr=7.044e-4 K/µV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The CRN1 has (4) instruments: Downwelling CM3 (shortwave global), Upwelling CM3 (shortwave), Downwelling CG3 (Infrared), and Upwelling CG3 (Infrared). Infrared Irradiance is calculated using: I=K0+VK1+σK2Tr4+σK3(Td4-Tr4), where σ=5.6704x10-8 W/(m2K4) (Stephan-Boltzmann's Constant), V=PIR thermopile voltage in µV, and Tr=Tc+VKr. The CNR1 mounted is mounted on the radiometer tower. The PT-100 Case Temperature (Tc) is also reported in degrees K. The Albedo, Net Infrared, and Net Radiation are also calculated for this instrument. As of 1/1/2006 the Instrument Net Infrared is also reported which is equal to the Upwelling IR (µV Signal) times the calibration factor K1.
CH1 Direct Normal Kipp & Zonen W/m2 08/04/2001 - 010256 91.881 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Direct (Beam) shortwave irradiance as measured by a Kipp & Zonen pyrheliometer mounted on a Sci-Tec tracker. The CH1 has a 5 degree field of view. As of Dec 21, 2005, Broadband and 500nm Aerosol Optical Depth is calculated using this instrument.
CM22 Diffuse Shading Disk Kipp & Zonen (Ventilated) W/m2 08/04/2001 05/27/2005 010046 108.45 W/m2/mV
05/27/2005 05/31/2006 010034 91.673 W/m2/mV
05/31/2006 06/13/2007 010046 107.72 W/m2/mV
06/13/2007 05/23/2008 010034 91.704 W/m2/mV
05/23/2008 - 010046 107.56 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Diffuse (Sky) shortwave irradiance measured by a Kipp & Zonen Pyranometer mounted under the shading ball of a Sci-Tec tracker.
CM6b Global Horizontal Kipp & Zonen W/m2 08/04/2001 - 015189 92.048 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total Hemispheric shortwave irradiance as measured by a Kipp & Zonen pyranometer with calibration factor traceable to the World Radiometric Reference (WRR).
SP-Lite Global Horizontal Kipp & Zonen W/m2 08/04/2001 - 970003 11.772 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total Hemispheric shortwave irradiance as measured by a Kipp & Zonen silicon pyranometer with calibration factor traceable to the World Radiometric Reference (WRR).
UV-S-A-T Global UVA Kipp & Zonen W/m2 08/04/2001 - 010536 28.547 W/m2/V
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The UV-S-A-T was calibrated from 315 - 400 nm. Temperature is controlled at 25 oC. The spectral response of this instrument is shown in this UVA/Total Plot.
UV-S-B-T Global UVB Kipp & Zonen W/m2 08/04/2001 - 010538 0.760 W/m2/V
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The UV-S-B-T was calibrated from 280 - 315 nm. Temperature is controlled at 25 oC. The spectral response of this instrument is shown in this UVB Plot.
UVB-1 Diffuse UVB YES W/m2 08/04/2001 10/29/2003 930401 0.754 W/m2/V
02/10/2004 - 921106 1.065 W/m2/V
[DQS]
[Maint]		 UVB-1 UVB wavelength = 280 - 315 nm in W/m2. Temperature is controlled at 45 oC. Instrument is mounted on Sci-Tec Tracker under shading disk. The spectral response of this instrument is shown in this UVB Plot.
TSP-1 Global Horizontal YES W/m2 08/04/2001 - 940703 0.49341 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total Hemispheric shortwave irradiance as measured by a Yankee Environmental Systems (YES) pyranometer with calibration factor traceable to the World Radiometric Reference (WRR).
LI-201 Direct Normal LI-Cor W/m2 08/04/2001 - PYHR100 452.70 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Direct (Beam) shortwave irradiance as measured by a Licor silcon pyrheliometer mounted on the Sun-Follower III Tracker.
LI-190 Global Quantum LI-Cor µmol/s/m2 08/04/2001 04/23/2008 Q8435 -260.0 µmol/s/m2/mV
04/23/2008 - Q8432 -207.04 µmol/s/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The LI-COR quantum sensor measures photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the 400 to 700 nm waveband. The spectral response of this instrument is shown in this plot.
(FW-B) Met-Tower Transmitter Battery Voltage V 08/04/2001 - - 0.01 V/mV
The battery voltage used for the FreeWave wireless transmitter at the meteorological tower. The battery is charged by AC power.
(CR10X-T) CR10X Circuit Board Temperature (Rad-Tower) oC 08/04/2001 - - -
CR10X internal temperature sensor is mounted on datalogger circuit board.
(CR10X-B) CR10X Battery Voltage (Rad-Tower) V 08/04/2001 - - -
CR10X external battery voltage.
(calc) Net Radiation and Infrared W/m2 08/04/2001 - - -
Calculated after data collection (outside the datalogger) and added to the datastream. Net Radiation = Net Solar + Net IR (atmos.), where Net Solar = Downwelling Shortwave - Upwelling Shortwave and Net IR (atmos.) = Downwelling Infrared - Upwelling Infrared.
(calc) Zenith Angle o 08/04/2001 - - -
Solar zenith angle (refracted). Calculated after data collection (outside the datalogger) using the Solar Position Algorithm (SPA) and added to the datastream. Prior to June 21, 2004, SOLPOS was used.
(calc) Azimuth Angle o 08/04/2001 - - -
Solar azimuth angle. Calculated after data collection (outside the datalogger) using the Solar Position Algorithm (SPA) and added to the datastream. Prior to June 21, 2004, SOLPOS was used.
(calc) Airmass - 08/04/2001 - - -
Relative optical airmass (not pressure corrected). Calculated after data collection (outside the datalogger) using the Solar Position Algorithm (SPA) and added to the datastream. Prior to June 21, 2004, SOLPOS was used.
TSP-700 Global Horizontal YES W/m2 01/01/2004 - 0212-2 0.34256 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total Hemispheric shortwave irradiance as measured by a Yankee Environmental Systems (YES) pyranometer.
LI-200 Upwelling Shortwave LI-Cor W/m2 01/07/2004 08/19/2004 PY1724 84.749 W/m2/mV
08/19/2004 07/07/2005 PY28249 86.405 W/m2/mV
07/07/2005 06/07/2006 PY28244 79.609 W/m2/mV
06/07/2006 07/05/2007 PY28260 79.162 W/m2/mV
07/05/2007 05/27/2008 PY28249 87.289 W/m2/mV
05/27/2008 - PY25070 71.364 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Reflected hemispheric solar irradiance as measured by an inverted silicon pyranometer, 2 meters above the ground. The surface ALBEDO is computed from the ratio: Reflected LI-200 / Global Horizontal LI-200. The typical surface albedo for vegetation is 18% to 20% and greater than 80% for fresh snow cover.
LI-190 Upwelling Quantum LI-Cor µmol/s/m2 01/07/2004 03/24/2006 Q20558 338.3 µmol/s/m2/mV
03/28/2006 - Q20555 306.5 µmol/s/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Reflected hemispheric solar irradiance as measured by an inverted quantum pyranometer, 2 meters above the ground. The surface ALBEDO is computed from the ratio: Reflected LI-190 / Global Horizontal LI-190. The LI-COR quantum sensor measures photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the 400 to 700 nm waveband. The spectral response of this instrument is shown in this plot.
(varies) Research Channels (varies) 02/13/2004 - - -
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Research channels used for testing various instruments at different times. Output could be a voltage or engineering units. Channel is usually shorted (output at zero) when not in use. Further information is available on the Research Channel History page.
LI-200 Global 90-North LI-Cor W/m2 06/14/2004 08/19/2004 PY1732 69.67 W/m2/mV
08/19/2004 09/02/2004 PY1724 84.749 W/m2/mV
09/02/2004 06/01/2005 PY1732 77.383 W/m2/mV
06/01/2005 07/11/2006 PY1724 86.918 W/m2/mV
07/11/2006 07/14/2006 PY1726 103.20 W/m2/mV
07/14/2006 09/06/2006 PY1724 86.918 W/m2/mV
09/06/2006 07/05/2007 PY25070 72.308 W/m2/mV
07/05/2007 06/25/2008 PY28247 79.705 W/m2/mV
06/25/2008 - PY28249 89.752 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total hemispheric solar irradiance on a north-facing surface tilted 90 degrees from horizontal, measured by a silicon pyranometer, 8 feet above the ground.
LI-200 Global 90-East LI-Cor W/m2 06/14/2004 08/19/2004 PY1750 66.48 W/m2/mV
08/19/2004 09/02/2004 PY1726 81.631 W/m2/mV
09/02/2004 06/01/2005 PY1750 73.599 W/m2/mV
06/01/2005 06/07/2006 PY1744 69.483 W/m2/mV
06/07/2006 06/12/2007 PY28247 78.439 W/m2/mV
06/12/2007 06/25/2008 PY1750 73.186 W/m2/mV
06/25/2008 - PY1732 76.726 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total hemispheric solar irradiance on a east-facing surface tilted 90 degrees from horizontal, measured by a silicon pyranometer, 8 feet above the ground.
LI-200 Global 90-South LI-Cor W/m2 06/14/2004 08/19/2004 PY1744 65.79 W/m2/mV
08/19/2004 06/01/2005 PY28244 78.071 W/m2/mV
06/01/2005 06/07/2006 PY1726 87.906 W/m2/mV
06/07/2006 06/12/2007 PY28249 86.002 W/m2/mV
06/12/2007 05/27/2008 PY1724 88.518 W/m2/mV
05/27/2008 - PY28260 81.245 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total hemispheric solar irradiance on a south-facing surface tilted 90 degrees from horizontal, measured by a silicon pyranometer, 8 feet above the ground.
(observe) ΔT seconds 06/18/2004 - - -
Difference between the earth rotation time and the terrestrial time. It is derived from observation only and is reported in this bulletin, where ΔT = 32.184 + (TAI-UTC) + ΔUT1.
TSI-880 Total & Opaque Cloud Cover percent 08/01/2004 - 119 -
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Calculated by a Yankee Total Sky Imager Model 880. This instrument captures all sky images, analyzes them, and computes the percentage of cloud cover. NREL users can access the historical images using YESDAQ. Note: The instrument only analyzes clouds between zenith angles of 0 to 80o (clouds on the very low horizon are ignored) and cloud cover is calculated every 1 minute. Historical images are only retained every 10 minutes.
LI-200 Global 90-West LI-Cor W/m2 08/19/2004 07/07/2005 PY28247 78.278 W/m2/mV
07/07/2005 07/11/2006 PY1750 76.103 W/m2/mV
07/11/2006 07/05/2007 PY1744 69.548 W/m2/mV
07/05/2007 06/25/2008 PY28244 79.510 W/m2/mV
06/25/2008 - PY1724 88.023 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total hemispheric solar irradiance on a west-facing surface tilted 90 degrees from horizontal, measured by a silicon pyranometer, 8 feet above the ground.
CM22 Global Horizontal Kipp & Zonen W/m2 06/01/2005 05/31/2006 010046 107.69 W/m2/mV
05/31/2006 06/13/2007 010034 91.776 W/m2/mV
06/13/2007 05/23/2008 010046 107.52 W/m2/mV
05/23/2008 - 010034 91.660 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total Hemispheric shortwave irradiance as measured by a Kipp & Zonen pyranometer with calibration factor traceable to the World Radiometric Reference (WRR).
PYR-P Global Horizontal Apogee W/m2 12/2/2005 - 2703 5.3808 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total Hemispheric shortwave irradiance as measured by a Apogee silicon pyranometer with calibration factor traceable to the World Radiometric Reference (WRR).
LI-210 Global Photometric LI-Cor klux 12/21/2005 - PH7994 -4.950 klux/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The LI-COR photometric sensor measures the visible radiation with a sensor having a spectral responsivity curve similar to the human eye. The sensor uses a filtered silicon photodiode to provide a spectral response that matches the CIE curve to within ± 5%. The spectral response of this sensor is shown in this plot.
ULTRA-S Snow Depth Senix cm 12/21/2005 09/06/2007 00103742 -0.089544 cm/mV+231.227 cm
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The Senix ultra-sonic distance sensor is mounted 156.1 cm above the ground. The snow depth is equal to 156.1 minus the distance measured by the sensor. The sensor determines the distance by bouncing an ultra sonic pulse off the ground (or snow) and based on the time for the pulse return back to the sensor it calculates a distance (the sensor is temperature compensated). When the instrument is unable to determine the distance due to uneven obstructions, obsorbing materials, etc, the instrument will output a 6999 value.
SR50A Snow Depth CSI cm 09/06/2007 - 1263 N/A
[DQS]
[Maint]		 The Campbell Scientific Inc. ultra-sonic distance sensor is mounted 146.85 cm above the ground. The snow depth is equal to 146.85 minus the distance measured by the sensor. The sensor determines the distance by bouncing an ultra sonic pulse off the ground (or snow) and based on the time for the pulse return back to the sensor it calculates a distance (the sensor is temperature compensated). The sensor also reports a quality indicator as follows:
0Not able to read distance
162-210Good measurement quality numbers
210-300Reduced echo signal strength
300-600High measurement uncertainty
As of 12/13/2007, the datalogger will automatically filter snow depth values, based on quality indicators above. When the quality is outside the "valid" range of 160-250, the previous valid snow depth will be output for up to ~45 minutes, if the quality is still invalid, then the snow depth will become a missing value (-6999).
(calc) Direct Extraterrestrial (ETRN) W/m2 01/01/2006 - - -
Extraterrestrial (top-of-atmosphere) direct normal solar irradiance (ETRN). Calculated after data collection (outside the datalogger) and added to the datastream. ETRN = SOLCON / R2, where SOLCON = the Solar Constant = 1367 W/m2 and R = Earth radius vector, which is calculated using the Solar Position Algorithm (SPA).
(calc) Global Extraterrestrial (ETR) W/m2 01/01/2006 - - -
Extraterrestrial (top-of-atmosphere) global horizontal solar irradiance (ETR). Calculated after data collection (outside the datalogger) and added to the datastream. ETR = ETRN * cos(Z), where ETRN = Direct Extraterrestrial and Z = Zenith Angle.
(CR23X-P) CR23X Program Exec. Time (Maximum) s 01/01/2006 - - -
The maximum time it took for the CR23X to execute its program during the 1-minute interval. The program is currently scheduled to run every 3.0 seconds (20 times during the minute). Program execution will take the longest on the last scan of the minute, due to 1-minute average computations and outputs.
(CR10X-O) CR10X Table Overuns (Met-Tower) counts 09/06/2007 - - -
The number of times the CR10X program execution exceeded the execution interval defined for the table. Under normal operation this value should be always be zero, the counter must be reset manually. The program is currently scheduled to run every 1.0 seconds.
SPN1 Global Horizontal and Diffuse W/m2 01/01/2008 - A168 1.0246 W/m2/mV
[DQS]
[Maint]		 Total Hemispheric shortwave and Diffuse (Sky) shortwave irradiance as measured by a ΔT Model SPN1 Sunshine Pyranometer.
Notes:

[NREL] [MIDC] [SRRL BMS]