Black Carbon Emissions and Climate Change: A Technical Workshop
This workshop, held in 2004, provided important information on the need for more complete information about carbon-containing air pollutants. The following organizations served as sponsors:
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- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
- Engine Manufacturers Association (EMA)
- American Petroleum Institute (API)
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
- California Air Resources Board (CARB)
- Diesel Technology Forum (DTF)
The following documents are available as Adobe Acrobat PDFs. Download Adobe Reader.
Black Carbon Emissions and Climate Change: Technical Workshop Full Agenda (PDF 193 KB)
Summary
The purpose of this workshop was to identify the important sources of uncertainty related to incomplete emissions information, in the predicted climate influence of black carbon-containing air pollutant aerosols. Other sources of uncertainty, such as incomplete information about the chemical and radiative properties of ambient carbonaceous aerosols, were also addressed. A recommended research plan for improving the quality of information available on carbonaceous aerosol emissions, and their chemical and physical properties, will be one of the major products of this workshop.
Several of the world's leading researchers on aerosol black carbon, its measurement and its role in air pollution and climate, participated in the workshop. The event took place October 13-15, 2004 at the Hyatt Islandia Hotel in San Diego, California, with financial and organizational support provided by NREL, EMA, EPA, CARB, API and the DTF.
Research Recommendations from the Workshop:
Recommendations were solicited from the assembled experts in the following categories: 1) research needed within one's area of expertise, and; 2) research that appears to be needed in other areas of expertise. Specific research directions recommended within both categories were judged by the organizers to be of particular importance. A consolidated list of the research recommendations that were produced during the workshop break-out sessions can be viewed in the following document (PDF 148 KB).
Workshop Summary Paper:
The workshop technical committee is preparing a summary paper that will be available on this web site in February 2005.
Agenda — Day 1, October 13, 2004
- Welcome — Joe Suchecki - EMA, on behalf of the Organizing Committee
- Workshop Objectives — Doug Lawson - NREL (PDF 157 KB)
Session 1 — Black Carbon in Climate Modeling (Session Chair, Matthew Thornton - NREL)
Brooke Hemming — EPA: Quantifying the Influence of Black Carbon on Climate: What are the uncertainties? (PDF 416 KB)
James Hansen — NASA: The Role of Soot in Global Climate Change (PDF 3.3 MB)
Michael Prather — University of California, Irvine: Greenhouse Forcing from Short-lived Gases and Aerosols: Uncertainties due to Geographic Variability and Indirect Effects (PDF 6.4 MB)
Johann Feichter — Max Planck Institute, Germany: The Role of Soot Particles in the Climate System: Progress and Uncertainties in Modeling (PDF 839 KB)
V. Ramaswamy — NOAA: Modeling the Effects of Black Carbon on Climate (PDF 3.7 MB)
Lisa Graham — Environment Canada: Black Carbon Research at Canadian Federal Laboratories (PDF 754 KB)
Session 2 — Measurements of Ambient Black Carbon (Session Chair, Russell Jones - API)
Pat Arnott — Desert Research Institute: Aerosol Light Absorption Measurements during the Reno Aerosol Optics Study: Method Comparison for Laboratory-generated Aerosol (PDF 2.2 MB)
John Ogren — NOAA: Worldwide Measurements of Aerosol Radiative Properties (PDF 2.9 MB)
Kimberly Prather — Scripps Institution of Oceanography: Real-time Measurements of the Mixing State of Elemental Carbon (PDF 2.9 MB)
Ralph Kahn — JPL: The Role of Space-based Measurements in Assessing Black Carbon Effects on Climate (PDF 6.4 MB)
Session 3 — Emissions of Black Carbon (Session Chair, Eileen McCauley - CARB)
Andy Miller — EPA: Carbon Emissions from Stationary Sources (PDF 967 KB)
Joseph Somers — EPA: Mobile Source Black Carbon Emissions (PDF 439 KB)
Michael Kleeman — UC Davis: Emissions of Black Carbon In California (PDF 1.3 MB)
Agenda — Day 2, October 14, 2004
Session 3 — Emissions of Black Carbon (cont'd.)
Tami Bond — University of Illinois: Black Carbon from Combustion Source to Radiative Impact: Where are the biggest uncertainties? (PDF 903 KB)
Jose Vanderlei Martins — Univ. Maryland, Baltimore and NASA Goddard: Spectral Absorption Properties by Black Carbon and Other Aerosols: Measurements and Effects (PDF 3.4 MB)
Session 4 — Mobile Source Black Carbon Emissions and Source Apportionment Studies (Session Chair, Andy Miller - EPA)
Steven Cadle — General Motors: On-Road Mobile Source PM and Black Carbon Emission Rates (PDF 293 KB)
Nick Barsic — John Deere: U.S. Mobile Source Non-road Black Carbon Emissions (PDF 469 KB)
Eric Fujita — Desert Research Institute: Source Contributions to Ambient Concentrations of Black Carbon in Colorado's Northern Front Range and California's South Coast Air Basin (PDF 759 KB)
Jamie Schauer — University of Wisconsin: Elemental Carbon Emissions from Mobile Sources: Understanding the Controlling Variables and Resulting Vehicle Fleet Averages (PDF 560 KB)
Session 5 — Emission Inventory Uncertainties and their Influence on Model Output (Session Chair, David Chock - Ford)
Chandra Venkataraman — Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay: Uncertainties in Black Carbon Emissions and Model Predictions: A South Asian Perspective (PDF 2.1 MB) Video Clip (AVI 74 KB) You must have Windows Media Player 10 to view this file. Download Media Player.
Greg Carmichael — University of Iowa: Characterizing Uncertainties in Emissions, Lessons Learned from Recent Field Experiments (PDF 1.3 MB)
Ruby Leung — Pacific Northwest National Laboratory: How Well Can We Simulate the Regional Hydrological Cycle and Its Sensitivity to Climate Change? (PDF 3 MB)
Joyce Penner — University of Michigan: Uncertainties in the trends of black carbon emissions: Contribution to vertical temperature change (PDF 2.6 MB)
Chien Wang — Massachusetts Institute of Technology: Regional Black Carbon Emissions\ and global aerosol-climate model results (PDF 759 KB)
Mark Jacobson — Stanford University: Black Carbon Effects on Climate with Different Emissions and Model Treatments (PDF 492 KB)
Agenda — Day 3, October 15, 2004
Breakout Topics
- Model input needs
- Measurements needs
- Emissions inventory needs
- Source Apportionment needs
- Point/Area source modeling needs
- Mobile source modeling needs
General Discussion (entire group)
- Summaries of each group's research priorities
- Group Discussion regarding priorities
