Early Fuel Cell Market Demonstrations
Hydrogen PEM fuel cells are leading candidates for use in fuel cell vehicles. Today's commercially available PEM fuel cells are particularly appropriate for low-power applications requiring intermittent backup. Fuel cell backup power systems offer longer continuous runtime and greater durability than traditional batteries in harsh outdoor environments. And with fewer moving parts, fuel cell backup power systems typically require less maintenance than generators or batteries. For specialty vehicles such as forklifts, fuel cells can be a cost-competitive alternative to traditional lead-acid batteries.
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Early fuel cell market demonstrations focus primarily on fuel cell backup power and prime power applications as well as material handling equipment (i.e., fuel cell forklifts). Department of Energy-sponsored demonstration projects support fuel cell market transformation activities and help foster the growth of fuel cell markets. In addition, the Department of Defense funds early fuel cell demonstration projects.
NREL receives operational data from these early market fuel cell demonstrations, analyzes, and reports on these data. By aggregating data across numerous industry teams and sites, NREL develops composite data products (CDPs), which provide relevant data results on the technology status and fuel cell performance without revealing proprietary data. These publicly available CDPs help the development community understand the state of fuel cell technologies, identify areas for continued improvement, and provide data metrics that are important to the business case for these fuel cell markets.
This page provides the following resources:
Composite Data Products
The public technical analysis results are generated in the form of composite data products. The following CDPs can be sorted by title, category, CDP number, and date updated. Download the CDPs as PowerPoint or JPG files using the links in the two columns on the right. Download the current presentation containing all ARRA CDPs
and DLA CDPs
or see the archived presentations containing all CDPs.
| Sort by Title ![]() |
Sort by Category ![]() |
Sort by CDP No. ![]() |
Sort by Date Updated ![]() |
PowerPoint | JPG |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MHE Total Cost of Ownership | Cost of Ownership | MHE 58 | 3/29/2012 | JPG | |
| MHE Total Cost Sensitivity | Cost of Ownership | MHE 59 | 3/29/2012 | JPG | |
| MHE Intensive Deployment Total Cost | Cost of Ownership | MHE 60 | 3/29/2012 | JPG | |
| General & Capital Cost Inputs for Class I/II MHE | Cost of Ownership | MHE 64a | 3/29/2012 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure & Operation Costs for Class I/II MHE | Cost of Ownership | MHE 64b | 3/29/2012 | JPG | |
| General & Capital Cost Inputs for Class III MHE | Cost of Ownership | MHE 64c | 3/29/2012 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure & Operation Costs for Class III MHE | Cost of Ownership | MHE 64d | 3/29/2012 | JPG | |
| Capacity Histogram | Deployment | BU 14 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Units Delivered to Site | Deployment | ARRA EM 01 | 12/19/2012 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Units in Operation: Current and Projected Quantities | Deployment | ARRA EM 02 | 12/19/2012 | JPG | |
| Early Fuel Cell Market Deployment Sites | Deployment | ARRA EM 03 | 12/19/2012 | JPG | |
| Backup Power Fuel Cell Systems Deployed | Deployment | BU 01 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Deployed kW Capacity for Backup Power | Deployment | BU 02 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Backup Power Deployment Locations | Deployment | BU 03 | 4/3/2012 | JPG | |
| Overview of ARRA MHE Sites | Deployment | ARRA MHE 40 | 3/28/2012 | JPG | |
| Units in Operation | Deployment | EM 02 | 2/21/2012 | JPG | |
| Locations | Deployment | EM 03 | 2/21/2012 | JPG | |
| Backup Power Fuel Cell Unit Locations | Deployment | BU 19 | 4/3/2013 | JPG | |
| Number of Power Outages per Year | Deployment | BU 20 | 4/4/2013 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Operation Hours between Fills | Fuel Cell Fuel Economy Range and Efficiency | ARRA MHE 08 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Projected Hours to Various Voltage Drop Levels | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | MHE 33 | 3/28/2012 | JPG | |
| Fleet Fuel Cell Hours and Voltage Durability | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | MHE 32 | 3/28/2012 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Power Degradation Over Operation Time | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | MHE 34 | 3/28/2012 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell System Starts by Day of Week | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | BU 07 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell System Starts by Time of Day | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | BU 08 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell System Continuous Run Time | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | BU 09 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Unsuccessful Operation Categories | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | BU 10 | 4/3/2013 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Starts by Month, Reporting Systems, and Conditioning | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | BU 04 | 4/3/2013 | JPG | |
| Run Hours by Month with Conditioning Time | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | BU 05 | 4/3/2013 | JPG | |
| Daily Fuel Cell Operation Hours per Fleet | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | ARRA MHE 23 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Daily Fuel Cell Operation Hours per System | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | ARRA MHE 24 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| MHE Units Deployed by Class | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | ARRA MHE 01 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Stack Hours | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | ARRA MHE 02 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Stack Hours by Quarter | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | ARRA MHE 11 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Stack Voltage | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | ARRA MHE 15 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Stack Power | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | ARRA MHE 17 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Stack Current | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | ARRA MHE 16 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Durability Histogram | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | ARRA MHE 38 | 3/28/2012 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Operation Hours and Durability | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | ARRA MHE 39 | 3/28/2012 | JPG | |
| Time Between System Starts | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | BU 11 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| System Start Ambient Temperature | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | BU 12 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Total System Operation Time | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | BU 13 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Key Performance Areas by Classification | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | ARRA MHE 63 | 3/28/2012 | JPG | |
| System Operation Hours vs. Calendar Days | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | BU 21 | 4/4/2013 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Stacks Projected Hours to 10% Voltage Degradation | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | MHE 97 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Backup Power Operation with Grid Outage from 01/2010 – 12/2012 | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | BU 15 | 3/29/2013 | JPG | |
| Average Run Hours per Month | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | BU 16 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Average Number or Starts per Month | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | BU 17 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Continuous System Run Time | Fuel Cell Usage and Operation Behavior | BU 18 | 4/4/2013 | JPG | |
| MHE Mean Time Between Safety Reports | Maintenance and Safety | ARRA MHE 56 | 3/27/2012 | JPG | |
| Equipment Category of Safety Reports | Maintenance and Safety | ARRA MHE 57 | 3/26/2012 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Maintenance for Delivered Hydrogen | Maintenance and Safety | MHE 66 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Safety Reports by Equipment Category | Maintenance and Safety | MHE 46 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| MHE Maintenance Event by Mode | Maintenance and Safety | ARRA MHE 61 | 3/28/2012 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Maintenance by Month | Maintenance and Safety | MHE 67 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Mean Time Between Safety Reports | Maintenance and Safety | MHE 55 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| MHE Hydrogen Leaks by Equipment Type | Maintenance and Safety | ARRA MHE 53 | 3/26/2012 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Hydrogen Leaks by Equipment Type | Maintenance and Safety | MHE 51 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Maintenance by Category | Maintenance and Safety | ARRA MHE 12 | 3/27/2012 | JPG | |
| Scheduled and Unscheduled FC Maintenance | Maintenance and Safety | ARRA MHE 13 | 3/26/2012 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Maintenance by Quarter | Maintenance and Safety | ARRA MHE 14 | 3/26/2012 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Safety Reports by Quarter | Maintenance and Safety | ARRA MHE 26 | 3/26/2012 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell Safety Reports by Severity | Maintenance and Safety | ARRA MHE 27 | 3/27/2012 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Safety Reports by Quarter | Maintenance and Safety | MHE 25 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Safety Reports by Severity | Maintenance and Safety | MHE 41 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Maintenance by Category | Maintenance and Safety | MHE 18 | 4/4/2013 | JPG | |
| Scheduled and Unscheduled Infrastructure Maintenance | Maintenance and Safety | MHE 19 | 4/4/2013 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Maintenance by Quarter | Maintenance and Safety | MHE 20 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Refueling Rates | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 09 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Refueling Amounts | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 10 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Dispensed Hydrogen (kg) per Day of Week and per Site | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 42 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Fills per Day of Week | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 35 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Unit Downtime for Refueling | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 37 | 3/15/2012 | JPG | |
| Average Daily Dispensed Hydrogen Map | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 21 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Average Daily Dispensed Hydrogen by Site | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 22 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Refuelings by Quarter | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 03 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Refuelings Amounts by Quarter | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 04 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Refueling Time of Day | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 05 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Refueling Times | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 06 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Tank Pressure at Fill | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 07 | 4/1/2013 | JPG | |
| Details of Back-to-Back Fills | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 65 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Number of Fuelings per Hour | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 68 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Hydrogen Dispensed per Hour | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 69 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Final Fueling Pressures | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 62 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Station Usage Sorted by Increased Max Daily Amount | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 70 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Station Capacity Utilization Sorted by Increased Max Daily Amount | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 71 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Mean Time Between Failure by Equipment Category | Refueling Performance and Behavior | ARRA MHE 72 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Cumulative Hydrogen Consumed by Month | Refueling Performance and Behavior | BU 06 | 4/3/2013 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Reliability Growth | Reliability | ARRA MHE 45 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Reliability Growth by Category | Reliability | MHE 50 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Mean Time Between Failure | Reliability | MHE 48 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Overall Fleet FC System Reliability Growth | Reliability | MHE 28 | 3/27/2012 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Compressor Failures by Mode | Reliability | MHE 52 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| MHE Availability | Reliability | ARRA MHE 54 | 3/16/2012 | JPG | |
| MHE Maintenance Labor Hours | Reliability | ARRA MHE 43 | 3/26/2012 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Maintenance Labor Hours | Reliability | MHE 44 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Reliability Growth | Reliability | MHE 45 | 9/21/2012 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Maintenance by Mode | Reliability | MHE 47 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Infrastructure Mean Time Between Scheduled Maintenance | Reliability | MHE 49 | 4/2/2013 | JPG | |
| Fleet Fuel Cell System Reliability Growth by Category | Reliability | MHE 29 | 3/27/2012 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell System Mean Time Between Failure | Reliability | MHE 30 | 3/26/2012 | JPG | |
| Fuel Cell System Mean Time Between Scheduled Maintenance | Reliability | MHE 31 | 3/26/2012 | JPG |
Publications
The following publications can be sorted by title, author(s), type, and publication date. Download the files using the links in the far-right column. Some of the following documents are available as Adobe Acrobat PDFs. Download Adobe Reader.
Presentations Containing All CDPs
- Current ARRA Material Handling Equipment Composite Data Products: Data Through Quarter 4 of 2012

- Current ARRA and Combined (IAA, DLA, ARRA) Deployment CDPs, Quarter 1 of 2012

- Current ARRA CDPs for Backup Power, Quarter 4 of 2011

- Archived ARRA CDPs for Material Handling Equipment, Quarter 4 of 2011

- Archived ARRA Deployment CDPs, Quarter 3 of 2011

- Archived ARRA CDPs for Material Handling Equipment, Quarter 3 of 2011

- Archived ARRA CDPs for Backup Power, Quarter 3 of 2011

- Archived ARRA Deployment CDPs, Quarter 4 of 2010

- Archived ARRA CDPs for Material Handling Equipment, Quarter 4 of 2010

- Archived ARRA CDPs for Backup Power, Quarter 4 of 2010

- Archived ARRA Deployment CDPs, Quarter 4 of 2010

- Archived ARRA Deployment CDPs, Quarter 3 of 2010

- Archived ARRA CDPs for Material Handling Equipment, Quarter 4 of 2010

- Archived ARRA CDPs, Quarter 2 of 2010

- Current DLA CDPs, Quarter 4 of 2009

- Archived ARRA CDPs, Quarter 1 of 2010

Contact: Jennifer Kurtz 303-275-4061









