JEDI Publications

The following selected publications are studies that illustrate the use of, or discussion of, the JEDI models and their application to economic impact analysis.

Inclusion in this list does not imply endorsement of the results or comments offered in each study because the accurate application of the model is in the hands of the analyst using the model.

JEDI: Jobs and Economic Development Impact Model (Factsheet). 2015. NREL/FS-5000-64129. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Zhang, Y., and M. Goldberg. 2015. Jobs and Economic Development Impact (JEDI) User Reference Guide: Fast Pyrolysis Biorefinery Model. NREL/TP-6A20-62548. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Tegen, S., D. Keyser, F. Flores-Espino, J. Miles, D. Zammit, and D. Loomis. 2015. Offshore Wind Jobs and Economic Development Impacts in the United States: Four Regional Scenarios. NREL/TP-5000-61315. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Tegen, S., D. Keyser, F. Flores-Espino, and R. Hauser. 2014. Economic Impacts from Indiana's First 1,000 Megawatts of Wind Power. NREL/TP-5000-60914. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Tegen, S., and D. Keyser. 2014. "Potential Economic Impacts from Offshore Wind in the Great Lakes Region (Fact Sheet)." DOE/GO-102014-3857. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Washington, DC (US).

Tegen, S., and D. Keyser. 2014. "Potential Economic Impacts from Offshore Wind in the Mid-Atlantic Region (Fact Sheet)." DOE/GO-102014-4359. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Washington, DC (US).

Tegen, S., D. Keyser, F. Flores-Espino. 2014. "Potential Economic Impacts from Offshore Wind in the Gulf of Mexico (Fact Sheet)." DOE/GO-102014-3857. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Washington, DC (US).

Lantz, E., M. Goldberg, and D. Keyser. 2013. Jobs and Economic Development Impact (JEDI) Model: Offshore Wind User Reference Guide. NREL/TP-6A20-58389. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Keyser, D. 2013. "Potential Economic Impacts from Offshore Wind in the Southeast Region (Fact Sheet)." DOE/GO-102013-3858. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Washington, DC (US).

Goldberg, M., and D. Keyser. 2013. Transmission Line Jobs and Economic Development Impacts (JEDI) Model User Reference Guide. NREL/TP-6A20-60250. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Zammit, D., and J. Miles. "Potential Economic Impacts from Offshore Wind in the United States—The Southeast Region." Wind Systems Magazine (October 2013).

Steinberg, D., G. Porro, and M. Goldberg. 2012. Preliminary Analysis of the Jobs and Economic Impacts of Renewable Energy Projects Supported by the §1603 Treasury Grant Program. NREL/TP-6A20-52739. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Bamufleh, Hisham, Jose Ponce-Ortega, and Mahmoud El-Halwagi. "Multi-objective optimization of process cogeneration systems with economic, environmental, and social tradeoffs." Accepted by Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy (2012).

Lorca, Alejandro and Rafael de Arce. "Renewable energies and sustainable development in the Mediterranean: Morocco and the Mediterranean solar plan." Paper presented at the Forum Euroméditerranéen des Instituts de Sciences Économiques, Brighton, England (UK), 2012.

Tegen, S., M. Hand, B. Maples, E. Lantz, P. Schwabe, and A. Smith. 2012. 2010 Cost of Wind Energy Review. NREL/TP-5000-52920. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Friedman, B. "PV Installation Labor Market Analysis and PV JEDI Tool Developments." Presented at the World Renewable Energy Forum, Denver, CO, May 2012. NREL/PR-6A20-55130. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Tegen, S. "Jobs and Economic Development Impacts from Small Wind: JEDI Model in the Works." Presented at the Wind Power 2012 Conference & Exhibition, Atlanta, GA, June 2012. NREL/PR-6A20-55166. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

You, F., L. Tao, D.J. Graziano, and S.W. Snyder. "Optimal design of sustainable cellulosic biofuel supply chains: Multiobjective optimization coupled with life cycle assessment and input–output analysis." AIChE Journal 58, no. 4 (April 2012): 1157–80.

de Arce, Rafael, Ramón Mahía, Eva Medina, and Gonzalo Escribano. "A simulation of the economic impact of renewable energy development in Morocco." Accepted by Energy Policy (April 2012).

Kost, Christoph, Maximilian Engelken, and Thomas Schlegl. "Value generation of future CSP projects in North Africa." Accepted by Energy Policy (April 2012).

Zhang, Jie, Souma Chowdhury, Achille Messac, and Luciano Castillo. "A Response Surface-Based Cost Model for Wind Farm Design." Energy Policy 42 (March 2012): 538-50.

Blair, Adam Paul. "Wind Energy and Rural Development: A Case Study of West Texas." RUPRI Rural Futures Lab (March 2012).

Croucher, M. "Which state is Yoda?"Energy Policy 42 (March 2012): 613-15.

Chowdhury, Souma, Jie Zhang, Achille Messac, and Luciano Castillo. "Unrestricted wind farm layout optimization (UWFLO): Investigating key factors influencing the maximum power generation." Renewable Energy 38, no. 1 (February 2012): 16-30.

Hurlbut, D., S. Haase, G. Brinkman, K. Funk, R. Gelman, E. Lantz, C. Larney, D. Peterson, C. Worley, and E. Liebsch. 2012. Navajo Generating Station and Air Visibility Regulations: Alternatives and Impacts. NREL/TP-6A20-53024. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Brown, J.P., J. Pender, R. Wiser, E. Lantz, and B. Hoen. "Ex Post Analysis of Economic Impacts from Wind Power Development in U.S. Counties." Submitted to Energy Economics (January 2012).

Slattery, M.C., E. Lantz, and B.L. Johnson. "State and local economic impacts from wind energy projects: Texas case study." Energy Policy 39, no. 12 (December 2012): 7930-40.

Tourkolias, C., and S. Mirasgedis. 2011. "Quantification and monetization of employment benefits associated with renewable energy technologies in Greece." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 15, no. 6 (August 2011): 2876-86.

Reategui, S., and S. Hendrickson. 2011. Economic Development Impact of 1,000 MW of Wind Energy in Texas. NREL/TP-6A20-50400. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Nelson, T.D., and L.J. Dumas. 2011. Maximizing Job Creation: An Analysis of Alternatives for the Transformation of the Kansas City Plant. Prepared for KC Peace Planters, Kansas City, MO (US).

Berkman, M., M. Tran, and W. Ahlgren. 2011. "Economic and Fiscal Impacts of the Desert Sunlight Solar Farm." Prepared for First Solar, Tempe, AZ (US).

Lantz, E. 2011. Economic Development from Gigawatt-Scale Wind Deployment in Wyoming. NREL/PR-6A20-51572. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Lantz, E., and S. Tegen. 2011. Jobs and Economic Development from New Transmission and Generation in Wyoming. NREL/TP-6A20-50577. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Lantz, E., and S. Tegen. 2011. Jobs and Economic Development from New Transmission and Generation in Wyoming (Factsheet). NREL/FS-6A20-51346. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

McKeown, C., A. Adelaja, and B. Calnin. 2011. "On developing a prospecting tool for wind industry and policy decision support." Energy Policy 39, no. 2 (February 2011): 905–15.

World Bank. 2011. Middle East and North Africa Region Assessment of the Local Manufacturing Potential for Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) Projects. Retrieved December 19, 2011. Energy Sector Management Assistance Program, Washington, DC (US).

Adelaja, S., J. Shaw, W. Beyea, and C. McKeown. "Renewable energy potential on brownfield sites: A case study of Michigan." Energy Policy 38, no. 11 (November 2010): 7021-30.

Bolinger, M., R. Wiser, and N. Darghouth. "Preliminary evaluation of the Section 1603 treasury grant program for renewable power projects in the United States." Energy Policy 38, no. 11 (November 2010): 6804-19.

Rasmussen, K. 2010. A Rational Look at Renewable Energy and the Implications of Intermittent Power, Edition 1.2. Deseret Power, South Jordan, UT (US).

U.S. Partnership for Renewable Energy Finance. 2010. Impact on Jobs through the Extension of the ARRA 1603 Cash Grant. U.S. Partnership for Renewable Energy Finance, Washington, DC (US).

Zhang, J., S. Chowdhury, A. Messac, L. Castillo, and J. Lebron. "Response Surface Based Cost Model for Onshore Wind Farms Using Extended Radial Basis Functions." Presented at the ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE2010), Montreal, Quebec, Canada, August 2010.

Wei, M., and D. Kammen. 2010. Economic Benefits of a Comprehensive Feed-In Tariff: An Analysis of the REESA in California. Renewable and Appropriate Energy Laboratory, Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA (US).

King, C., J. Zarnikau, and P. Henshaw. "Defining a Standard Measure for Whole System EROI Combining Economic "Top-Down" and LCA "Bottom-Up" Accounting." In Proceedings of the ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability (ES2010), Phoenix, AZ, May 2010.

Tegen, S. "Wind Turbine Manufacturers in the U.S.: Locations and Local Impacts." Presented at WINDPOWER 2010 Conference and Exhibition, May 2010, Dallas, TX.


Ratliff, D.J., C.L. Hartman, and E.R. Stafford. 2010. An Analysis of State-Level Economic Impacts from the Development of Wind Power Plants in San Juan County, Utah. DOE/GO-102010-3005. Department of Energy, Washington, DC (US).

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2010. Assessing the Multiple Benefits of Clean Energy: A Resource For States. EPA-430-R-11-014. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC (US).

Wei, M., S. Patadia, and D.M. Kammen. 2010. "Putting renewables and energy efficiency to work: How many jobs can the clean energy industry generate in the U.S.?" Energy Policy 38, no. 2 (February 2010): 919-31.

Johnson, N.H., B.D. Solomon. "A Net-Present Value Analysis for a Wind Turbine Purchase at a Small US College." Energies 3, no. 5 (2010): 943-59.

Ebert, R.W. "Tools and Methods to Anticipate Local Job Creation & Suppression: Opportunities and Threats." Presented at the OECD/LEED Capacity Building Seminar: Local Strategies for Greening Jobs and Skills, Trento, Italy, June 2010.

Lantz, E., and S. Tegen. 2009. Economic Benefits, Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions Reductions, and Water Conservation Benefits from 1,000 Megawatts (MW) of New Wind Power in Tennessee. NREL/FS-500-44915; DOE/GO-102009-2754. Department of Energy, Washington, DC (US).

Ratliff, D.J., C.L. Hartman, E.R. Stafford, and J.M. Huntsman. 2009. An Analysis of State-Level Economic Impacts from the Development of Wind Power Plants in Summit County, Utah. DOE/GO-102009-2918. Department of Energy, Washington, DC (US).

Lantz, E. 2009. Economic Development Benefits from Wind Energy in Nebraska: A Report for the Nebraska Energy Office (Revised). NREL/TP-500-44344. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Lantz, E. 2009. Wind Energy and Economic Development in Nebraska. Wind Powering America Fact Sheet Series. NREL/FS-500-45340; DOE/GO-102009-2809. Department of Energy, Washington, DC (US).

Lantz, E., and S. Tegen. 2009. Economic Development Impacts of Community Wind Projects: A Review and Empirical Evaluation: Preprint. NREL/CP-500-45555. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Lantz, E., and S. Tegen. 2009. Economic Benefits, Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions Reductions, and Water Conservation Benefits from 1,000 Megawatts (MW) of New Wind Power in Massachusetts. NREL/FS-500-44914; DOE/GO-102009-2753. Department of Energy, Washington, DC (US).

Reategui, S., E.R. Stafford, C.L. Hartman, and J.M. Huntsman. 2009. Generating Economic Development from a Wind Power Project in Spanish Fork Canyon, Utah: A Case Study and Analysis of State-Level Economic Impacts. DOE/GO-102009-2760. Department of Energy, Washington, DC (US).

Leistritz, F.L., and R.C. Coon. "Socioeconomic Impacts of Developing Wind Energy in the Great Plains." Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences Paper 997:(2009).

Reategui, S., and S. Tegen. "Economic Development Impacts of Colorado's First 1000 Megawatts of Wind Energy." Paper presented at American Wind Energy Association Windpower 2008, Houston, TX, June 2008. NREL/CP-500-43505.

Adelaja, S., and Y.G. Hailu. "Renewable Energy Development and Implications to Agricultural Viability." Paper presented at the American Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL, July 2008.

Lantz, E., and S. Tegen. "Variables Affecting Economic Development of Wind Energy." Paper presented at American Wind Energy Association Windpower 2008, Houston, TX, June 2008. NREL/CP-500-43506.

U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. 2008. 20% Wind Energy by 2030: Increasing Wind Energy's Contribution to U.S. Electricity Supply. NREL/TP-500-41869; DOE/GO-102008-2567. Department of Energy, Washington, DC (US).

Taub, S. 2008. GE Energy Financial Services Study: Impact of 2007 Wind Farms on US Treasury. GE Energy Financial Services, Stamford, Connecticut (US).

Lantz, E., and S. Tegen. 2008. Economic Benefits, Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions Reductions, and Water Conservation Benefits from 1,000 Megawatts (MW) of New Wind Power in Indiana. NREL/FS-500-42786; DOE/GO-102008-2562. Department of Energy, Washington, DC (US).

Mosey, G., and C. Kreycik. 2008. State Clean Energy Practices: Renewable Fuel Standards. NREL/TP-670-43513. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Tegen, S., M. Milligan, and M. Goldberg. 2007. "Economic Development Impacts of Wind Power: A Comparative Analysis of Impacts within the Western Governors' Association States: Preprint. Paper presented at the American Wind Energy Association WindPower 2007 Conference and Exhibition, Los Angeles, CA, June 2007. NREL/CP-500-41808.

Williams, S.K., T. Acker, G. Brummels, and S. Wells. 2007. Arizona Wind Energy Assessments: Developable Windy Land and Economic Benefits. Prepared for Arizona Wind Working Group by Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ (US).

Sinclair, K. 2007. How to Build a Small Wind Energy Business: Lessons from California (Preprint). NREL/CP-500-41504. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Mongha, N., E. Stafford, and C. Hartman. 2006. An Analysis of the Economic Impact on Box Elder County, Utah, from the Development of Wind Power Plants. DOE/GO-102006-2350. Department of Energy, Washington, DC (US).

Mongha, N., E. Stafford, and C. Hartman. 2006. An Analysis of the Economic Impact on Tooele County, Utah, from the Development of Wind Power Plants. DOE/GO-102006-2353. Department of Energy, Washington, DC (US).

Tegen, S., M. Goldberg, and M. Milligan. 2006. "JEDI II: Jobs and Economic Development Impacts from Coal, Natural Gas, and Wind Power." Paper presented at the American Wind Energy Association WindPower 2006 Conference and Exhibition, Pittsburgh, PA, June 2006.

Williams, S.K., T. Acker, and M. Greve. 2006. Estimating the Economic Benefits of Wind Energy Projects using NREL's JEDI Model with Monte Carlo Simulation: Coconino and Navajo County, Arizona. Working Paper Series—06-04. Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ (US).

Mongha, N., E. Stafford, and C. Hartman. 2006. An Analysis of the Economic Impact on Utah County, Utah from the Development of Wind Power Plants. DOE/GO-102006-2316. Department of Energy, Washington, DC (US).

Torgerson, M., B. Sorte, and T. Nam. 2006. Umatilla County's Economic Structure and the Economic Impacts of Wind Energy Development: An Input-Output Analysis. Oregon State University, Rural Studies Program, Corvallis, OR (US).

Tegen, S. (2006). Comparing Statewide Economic Impacts of New Generation from Wind, Coal, and Natural Gas in Arizona, Colorado, and Michigan. NREL/TP-500-37720. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (US).

Galluzzo, Teresa Welsh. 2005. Small Packages, Big Benefits: Economic Advantages of Local Wind Projects. Iowa Policy Project, Mount Vernon, IA (US).

Costanti, M. 2004. Quantifying the Economic Development Impacts of Wind Power in Six Rural Montana Counties Using NREL's JEDI Model. NREL/SR-500-36414. Department of Energy, Washington, DC (US).

United States Government Accountability Office. 2004. Wind Power's Contribution to Electric Power Generation and Impact on Farms and Rural Communities. GAO Report to the Ranking Democratic Member, Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, U.S. Senate./GAO-04-756. September.

Goldberg, M., K. Sinclair, and M. Milligan. "Job and Economic Development Impact (JEDI) Model: A User-Friendly Tool to Calculate Economic Impacts from Wind Projects." Presented at the 2004 Global WINDPOWER Conference, Chicago, Illinois, March 2004.

National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2004. Job and Economic Development Impact (JEDI) Model (Brochure). DOE/GO-102004-1901. Department of Energy, Washington, DC (US).


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